COUNTABLE
NOUN
Materi
Cara sederhana yang bisa dilakukan untuk menentukan
apakah nomina berebentuk tunggal (singular)
atau jamak (plural) adalah dengan
melihat akhirannya. Bentuk jamak sebuah kata benda pada umumnya ditandai dengan
akhiran –s atau –es. Namun demikian, ada beberapa benda yang tidak berakhiran
–s atau –es tetapi bentuknya merupakan kata benda jamak.
1.
Beberapa bentuk
nomina yang bentuk jamaknya berakhiran –s atau –es.
Nomina Tunggal
|
|
Nomina Jamak
|
Entity
Form
Piece
Picture
Magazine
Bus
Watch
Branch
Church
Box
|
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
|
Entities
Forms
Pieces
Pictures
Magazines
Buses
Watches
Branches
Churches
Boxes
|
2.
Beberapa bentuk
nomina yang bentuk jamaknya berubah kata.
Nomina Tunggal
|
|
Nomina Jamak
|
Person
Foot
Tooth
Shelf
Wolf
Knife
Wife
Mouse
Child
Criterion
|
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
|
People
Feet
Teeth
Shelves
Wolves
Knives
Wives
Mice
Children
Criteria
|
3.
Beberapa bentuk
nomina yang bentuk tunggal dan jamaknya tidak mengalami perubahan.
a. Bison
b. Offspring
|
c. Series
d. Fish
|
e. Trout
f. Sheep
|
g. Deer
h. Corps
|
i. Spacecraft
j. Species
|
4. Beberapa nomina
yang berakhiran –s namun sebenarnya adalah nomina tunggal dan karenanya
membutuhkan verba tunggal.
a. Mata pelajaran akademik : mathematics, phisics, economics, statistics, civics, politics, dan
lain-lain.
b. Jenis penyakit : measles, herpes, mumps.
Contoh Soal
Pilihlah jawaban yang salah.
1.
In the middle of the 19th century matematics
were
regarded increasingly as the science of relations, or as the science that
draws necessary conslusions.
2.
The criterions to decide the best research results
are already clearly stated.
Jawaban :
1.
Kata matematics adalah nomina tunggal
meskipun berakhiran dengan huruf –s. jadi bentuk to be yang benar adalah was,
bukan were.
2.
Bentuk jamak
dari criterion bukanlah criterions, melainkan criteria.
Latihan Soal
Pilihlah jawaban yang salah dari soal TOEFL berikut
ini.
1.
The red wolf are somewhat smaller in
size and usually darker in colour than the white, black or brown ones.
2.
Sheeps are often prone
to a number of diseases and parasites, most particularly the
scrapie virus.
3.
The common house mouses are of
worldwide distribution and are found wherever human beings live.
4.
Potato are produced by
plants of the genus Solanum, of the family Solanaceae.
5.
Bisons
which belong to
the family Bovidae Bison are usually found in groups, except for
old, solitary bulls.
KALIMAT
YANG DIAWALI DENGAN KATA “THERE”
Materi
Perhatikan kalimat yang diawali dengan there, bentuk subjeknya sebenarnya
terletak sesudah kata kerja. Yang perlu diperhatikan adalah kesesuaian bentuk to be dan subjeknya.
1.
Bentuk singular subject
a.
There is a pen on
the table
b.
There was a teacher in the canteen
c.
There has been a cat in the kitchen
There has been a cat in the kitchen
Pola bentuk
kalimatnya :
There is
There was + Singular
Subject (atau Non-count)
There has been
2.
Bentuk plural subject
a.
There are 2
pens on the table
b.
There were some
teacher in the canteen
c.
There have been three cats in the kitchen
There have been three cats in the kitchen
Pola bentuk
kalimatnya :
There are
There were + Plural Subject
There have been
Latihan Soal
Pilihlah jawaban yang benar.
1.
There (have/has) been a lot of issues already discussed in the meetings.
2.
There (was/were) three tests today.
3.
There (were/was) too much work to do.
4.
There (is/are) a problem which needs an immediate solution.
5.
There (was/were) two accidents here last night.
Sumber :
Priyasudiarja, Yusup. 2014. Strategi Jitu Meraih Skor TOEFL 600 Dalam 1
Bulan. Bandung : Kaifa.